Thursday, April 23, 2020

Managing The Managers Essays - Management, Administration, Business

Managing The Managers MANAGING THE MANAGERS: JAPANESE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE USA The article reviews one of the greatest difficulties that Japanese multinational companies face, that is integration of its subplants in other countries, where not just management is viewed as different, but also the general running of the mother company's, not to mention the cultural changes which may be faced when atempting to integrate into another country. The article reviewed attempts to do two things. Firstly, the authors explore the management self so as to give reasoning into the two different managing styles of the United States of America and that of infamous Japanese management. Secondly, the authors report their research on management self-conception and style in Japanese owned factories or 'transplants' in the United States. The article is a summary of a large Japanese multinational company's intergration into the United States. This multinational opened 3 transplants in the same region of the United States. One of the transplants (Honshu manufacturing, which incidently seems to hold strategic significance as concluded by the massive capital investment of $300M) has a Japanese General Manager. The second, Honshu assembly holds and American born and raised General Manager. The third transplant is of an intereting nature as this is a Hybrid of Japanese and American management. The article begins with the facts involved when a firm of a more than a modest size is doing business in a foreign environment. It outlines the difficulties and failures that could be encountered when integration is involved. The article continues to inform us on how the article will be presented and the goals of the study at hand. The article is divided into 8 separate but relevant sections, these are: Introduction which talks about the methods used in the study and gives a brief rundown of the subject of Japanese and American management. Management in the Japanese transplants which talks a lot about previous surveys already concluded of which the nature is the same as the subject at hand. This subsection of the article also provides us with a history of the subject, as far back as 1976 . This section gives case example of previous studies made within the field of Japanese management and integration by Japanese multinationals. Mediating the selves. This section enables us to see what the Japanese managers thought of the American management style and likewise, what the American managers thought of the Japanese managerial system. Primary conclusion of the interviews enabled us to see that each side was very aware hat they were managing side by side with a foreign management ethos. Furthermore, the meanings each side attributed to various management practises - meetings, plannings, everyday communication, differed dramatically and uncomfortably . From the interviews conducted , four variables were believed to have significant effect on the management style of the managers, and these variables were critical in shaping management styles in the three electronic plants. These four variables are: the initial culture established by the parent company, the level of budgetary control exercised by the home office, the role and influence of the Japanese managerial assigness in the day to day management of the transplan ts, and the country of origin of the transplants general manager. Japanese-Dominant Transplant. Due to the large investment made by the parent company into this transplant, it is not surprise that Honshu manufacturing holds a very strong Japanese managerial presence. Upon start of production, the transplant had seventy-one Japanese assignees. Four years down the track, this number dropped to thirty-one, this by no means meant a weaker Japanese managerial system as of these thirty-one employees, ten of them held key managerial positions including General Manager and director of manufacturing. The reasons for this are considerably understanding as this was the first factory of its kind to be built by Honshu Corporation outside Japan. The authors noted from their interview that the control exerted by the Japanese managers was quite noticeable, as an American manager hired during the facilities building stage noted that the Japanese engineers were doing all the tasks and that he was just left to watching, without ask for opinion or decision. The General manager of Honshu manufacturing was senior vice president of Honshu manufacturing's US operation. He was given a lot

Wednesday, April 15, 2020

AP CCCOT Essay Topics - The 4 Essential Steps to Organizing Your AP CCCOT Essay Topics

AP CCCOT Essay Topics - The 4 Essential Steps to Organizing Your AP CCCOT Essay TopicsCompleting your AP CCCOT essay topics properly organized can help you earn a very high grade in the exam. Although there are many ways to organize your topics, I have found that these four steps are the most effective.Step one: Once you have selected AP CCCOT essay topics for each section of the exam, begin with the most important of these topics. Be sure to use at least one effective illustration or example for each topic, even if it is only as short as a sentence or two. Having a strong topic in the first place will help you become more organized throughout the entire exam.Step two: You will need to spend some time reviewing the list of AP CCCOT essay topics. A poor review of the outline will affect how you organize your essays. You should spend at least thirty minutes reading through it and then writing out a good outline. Your outline will be your backbone throughout the entire exam, so take the time to ensure that you have an outline that is professional, clear, and well written.Step three: Be sure to label your separate paper(s) according to the topic of the assignment. This way, you know exactly what topic each essay should be addressing. It is also helpful to indicate the order in which you will address each topic.Step four: Again, you will need to spend some time reviewing your outline. You will want to make sure that you have gone over your outline with a fine tooth comb and have included every single paragraph.Finally, you will need to address any required course correction. Be sure to address all of your course assignments.Step five: Have all of your copies of the assignments, outlines, and notes written up in front of you. This will help you know where to find them during the exam.The final step is a bit different than the other steps, because you will not be looking for a textbook or reference book to refer to. Your textbook or reference book will only be necessa ry if you forget to address a question or answer in one of your essay topics.